The Pelourinho neighbourhood in the Upper City is Salvador's historic core, or Centro Historico, and is both a National Monument and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Derelict until the 1980s, the baroque churches, tiny squares, cobblestone streets and fine colonial mansions have been painstakingly restored, and many of the colonial houses have been painted in pastel colours. Largo Pelourinho, the small triangular square that runs between some of the colourful mansions, gets its name from the whipping post that used to stand at the top end of the square where criminals and slaves were flogged.
At night Pelourinho comes alive to the sound of bands, singers and concerts in the small squares, open air cafes and bars which spill on to the streets. The atmosphere is vibrant and is enjoyed by the local population and visitors alike, but it can get crowded!